What is the pathophysiology of Wilms tumor?
Wilms tumor is an embryonal cancer of the kidney composed of blastemal, stromal, and epithelial elements. Genetic abnormalities have been implicated in the pathogenesis, but familial inheritance accounts for only 1 to 2% of cases. Diagnosis is by ultrasonography, abdominal CT, or MRI.
What are signs and symptoms of Wilms tumor?
But most children with Wilms’ tumor experience one or more of these signs and symptoms: An abdominal mass you can feel. Abdominal swelling. Abdominal pain….Other signs and symptoms may include:
- Fever.
- Blood in the urine.
- Nausea or vomiting or both.
- Constipation.
- Loss of appetite.
- Shortness of breath.
- High blood pressure.
What is the treatment for Wilms tumor?
Treatment for Wilms’ tumor usually involves surgery and chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy. Treatments may vary by the stage of the cancer.
Does Wilms tumor cause hypertension?
The prevalence of hypertension is over 50% in children with Wilms’ tumor [1]. This secondary hypertension results from an increased plasma concentration of renin, which is produced by areas of the kidney cortex entrapped within the tumor [2,3,4,5].
What is the differential diagnosis of Wilms tumor?
Conditions to be considered in the differential diagnosis of Wilms tumor include the following: Mesoblastic nephroma – Most common renal tumor in the first month of life. Renal cell carcinoma. Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney.
What is the difference between Wilms tumor and renal cell carcinoma?
WTs are widely regarded as embryonal tumors, which stem from meta-nephrogenic blastema. A renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare malignancy in children. Unlike WTs, most pediatric cases of RCCs are diagnosed in the second decade of life, and the possibility of morbidity increases with age.
How long can a child live with Wilms tumor?
Currently, the great majority of children with Wilms tumor are cured. The overall five-year survival rate for children with Wilms tumor is approximately 90%. That means that 9 out of 10 children with Wilms tumor will live at least five years after their cancer is diagnosed.