What does Splenium of corpus callosum mean?
The splenium is the thickest and most posterior portion of the corpus callosum (CC). It consists of numerous axonal fibers that mainly connect both temporal, posterior parietal, and occipital cortices (1).
What is cytotoxic lesion of the corpus callosum?
Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) are secondary lesions associated with various entities. CLOCCs have been found in association with drug therapy, malignancy, infection, subarachnoid hemorrhage, metabolic disorders, trauma, and other entities.
What is a corpus callosum lesion?
Isolated lesions of the corpus callosum are rare and may represent transient responses to injury or myelination abnormalities. More common butterfly lesions involve the corpus callosum and both cerebral hemispheres—a pattern associated with aggressive tumors, demyelination, and traumatic brain injury.
What does the Splenium of the brain do?
The splenium, communicates somatosensory information between the two halves of the parietal lobe and the visual cortex at the occipital lobe, these are the fibers of the forceps major.
What is the function of Splenium?
It has led to the view that the CC is involved in transferring information between the cerebral hemispheres [15]. The splenium has been shown to be involved in visuospatial information transfer, language, reading and calculation scores, IQ, behavior and consciousness [15,16,17].
What is reversible Splenial lesion syndrome?
Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is characterized by a temporary lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum, emerging related to encephalitis, seizures, antiepileptic drug withdrawal, or metabolic disturbances.
Where do MS lesions appear?
MS can cause a wide variety of neurologic symptoms since it can affect numerous areas of the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord (Figure 3). Characteristic lesions are located in the periventricular and juxtacortical regions, in addition to the brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord, and optic nerve.
What causes atrophy of corpus callosum?
The major cause of atrophy of the corpus callosum may be axonal degeneration arising from damage to cortical neurons. In addition, severe cytoskeletal abnormality in the cerebral white matter might accentuate the degree of callosal atrophy.
Why is the splenium of the corpus callosum preferentially affected?
It appears that the reason the splenium of the corpus callosum is preferentially affected is the presence of a high density of oligodendrocytes expressing large numbers of glutamate affected receptors 12.
What causes corpus callosum lesions with restricted diffusion?
Etiology of Corpus Callosum Lesions with Restricted Diffusion More than half of lesions with diffusion restriction in the corpus callosum are due to a nonvascular cause. Clinical and radiographic characteristics can help distinguish vascular from nonvascular lesions in the corpus callosum.
What does restricted diffusion within the splenium of the SOCC indicate?
“Restricted diffusion” within the SOCC may be a normal finding in infants less than 4 months of age, imaged on a 3T system. The presence of “restricted diffusion” within the splenium may serve as a potential marker of normal brain maturation.
Is MR imaging useful for the diagnosis of splenial lesions of corpus callosum?
MR imaging is useful for the detection and differential diagnosis of splenial lesions of the CC. In this study, we classify the disease entities and describe imaging findings of lesions involving the splenium of the CC based on our experiences and a review of the literature. Keywords: Brain, Corpus callosum, Magnetic resonance imaging INTRODUCTION