What is the clinical significance of a supracondylar process Spur?
The supracondylar process is clinically relevant because it forms a passage with the humerus and the ligament of Struthers. The median nerve and brachial artery, which pass through this channel, can become compressed leading to symptoms of neurovascular impingement.
Which forearm nerve is the cause of humerus supracondylar process syndrome?
The median nerve and brachial artery pass under the ligament of Struthers and consequently can be compressed, causing supracondylar process syndrome.
What is an avian spur?
The supracondylar process of the humerus (also known as an avian spur) is a variant bony projection on the anteromedial aspect of the upper arm bone (humerus), about 5–6 cm above the medial epicondyle. It is directed downward, forward and medially pointing to the medial epicondyle.
Where is the supracondylar foramen located?
The supratrochlear foramen was situated above the lateral part of the humeral trochlea, just adjacent to the middle branch of trifurcation of the anterior border of the humerus.
What is angle of humeral torsion?
Angle of humeral torsion is defined as the angle formed between the proximal and distal articular axis of the humerus. This angle is measured at the intersection of two lines: one that evenly bisects the articular surface of the humeral head proximally and the second being the transepicondylar line distally [1,2].
How many bones does the humerus articulate with?
Figure 8.5 Humerus and Elbow Joint The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. It articulates with the radius and ulna bones of the forearm to form the elbow joint.
What is a septal aperture?
Septal aperture is the absence of a septum in the coronoid-olecranon fossae of the distal humerus. It is a relatively common anatomic variant in human distal humeri thought to occur early in childhood.
What is a supracondylar foramen?
The supratrochlear foramen (STF) is an important and relatively common anatomic variation in the lower end of the humerus in humans. Its structure has received increased attention in recent years. Anatomical knowledge of STF is useful for anatomists, anthropologists, orthopedic surgeons, and radiologists.
What passes through the supracondylar foramen?
The median nerve and the brachial artery course through the supracondylar foramen, and iatrogenic damage to these structures should be avoided (Fig. 29-1). Important nerves are encountered during surgical approaches to the humerus.