How do you dilute IV DILANTIN?
For administration by intravenous infusion phenytoin injection should be diluted in 50 – 100 ml of normal saline, and the final concentration of phenytoin in the solution should not exceed 10 mg/ml, the infusion mixture should not be refrigerated.
How do you give phenytoin infusion?
Phenytoin Injection BP should be injected slowly and directly into a large vein through a large-gauge needle or intravenous catheter. It must be administered slowly. Intravenous administration should not exceed 50 mg/minute in adults.
Why is the maximum infusion rate of phenytoin 50 mg min?
Because of the increased risk of adverse cardiovascular reactions associated with rapid administration, intravenous administration should not exceed 50 mg per minute in adults.
What is the maximum infusion rate for phenytoin?
The maximum IV infusion rate of phenytoin sodium injection is 0.5 mg/kg/min for neonates, 1 mg/kg/min for children and adolescents, and for adults, the maximum infusion rate is 50 mg/min.
How do you load phenytoin IV?
Phenytoin IV administration Ideally, administer undiluted via a syringe pump through a large gauge needle or IV catheter into a large forearm vein. If dilution is essential, mix with 100–250ml sodium chloride 0.9% to a final concentration of <10mg/ml, and administer by infusion pump.
What are the handling requirements administering IV phenytoin?
Phenytoin Sodium must be diluted with a NS 0.9% solute at a concentration of 1 to 10 mg/ml in a large vein. The rate of administration must not exceed 50 mg/min for 25 mg/min for elderly persons, and 1 – 3 mg/kg/min for newborns. Finish the infusion within 30 minutes (maximum dosage of 1,500 mg / 24 hours).
What IV fluid is compatible with phenytoin?
It is concluded that 0.9% sodium chloride and lactated Ringer’s injections are suitable diluents for the intravenous administration of phenytoin.
What is an important nursing consideration when administering IV phenytoin Dilantin?
Nursing Considerations Across the Lifespan Careful cardiac monitoring is needed during and after administering intravenous phenytoin. Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic drug level, usually between 10-20 mcg/ml, so serum drug monitoring is required.
Why should phenytoin not be diluted?
Abstract. Until recently, phenytoin sodium injection was not recommended for dilution in intravenous fluids because insolubility results in precipitation of phenytoin acid. The formation of rod-shaped crystals primarily reflects the failure to maintain the pH of the admixture above 9.5 to 10.
What IV fluid is compatible with Dilantin?
What is the rate of Dilantin administration?
The rate of intravenous DILANTIN administration should not exceed 50 mg per minute in adults and 1 to 3 mg/kg/min (or 50 mg per minute, whichever is slower) in pediatric patients because of the risk of severe hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias. Careful cardiac monitoring is needed during and after administering intravenous DILANTIN.
How do you dilute Dilantin for infusion?
Infusion For infusion administration, parenteral DILANTIN should be diluted in normal saline with the final concentration of DILANTIN in the solution no less than 5 mg/mL. Administration should commence immediately after the mixture has been prepared and must be completed within 1 to 4 hours (the infusion mixture should not be refrigerated).
What are the contraindications for the use of Dilantin?
Dilantin is contraindicated in patients with: A history of hypersensitivity to phenytoin, its inactive ingredients, or other hydantoins [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. A history of prior acute hepatotoxicity attributable to phenytoin [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].
How many Dilantin (extended phenytoin sodium) capsules should I take?
For most adults, the satisfactory maintenance dosage will be one capsule three to four times a day. In adults, if seizure control is established with divided doses of three 100-mg Dilantin (extended phenytoin sodium capsules, USP) daily, once-a-day dosage with 300 mg of Dilantin (extended phenytoin sodium capsules, USP) may be considered.