What is an Endectocide?
Endectocides, or macrocyclic lactones, are veterinary parasiticides used globally to control nematodes and arthropods affecting livestock. Cattle treated with these products fecally excrete residues that are toxic to dung-inhabiting insects, including species that accelerate dung degradation.
What are the macrocyclic lactones?
The macrocyclic lactones (avermectins and milbemycins) are products or chemical derivatives of soil microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptomyces. The avermectins in commercial use are ivermectin, abamectin, doramectin, eprinomectin, and selamectin.
Is avermectin poisonous to dogs?
In overdoses, the most frequent clinical signs reported in dogs were lethargy, ataxia, hypersalivation, tremors, mydriasis, blindness, and bradycardia. Coma, seizures, and death have been seen in severely affected animals.
What is eprinomectin used for?
EPRINEX Pour-On is indicated for the treatment and control of gastrointestinal roundworms (including inhibited Ostertagia ostertagi), lungworms, grubs, sucking and biting lice, chorioptic and sarcoptic mange mites, and horn flies in beef and dairy cattle of all ages, including lactating dairy cattle.
Who makes moxidectin?
American Cyanamid Company
In the late 1980s, an American Cyanamid Company agronomist discovered the Streptomyces bacteria from which moxidectin is derived in a soil sample from Australia. Two companies filed patents for moxidectin: Glaxo Group and the American Cyanamid Company; in 1988, all patents were transferred to American Cyanamid.
Is Heartgard a macrocyclic lactone?
HEARTGARD for DOGS and CATS – CHEWABLE TABLETS against HEARTWORMS and ROUNDWORMS – MERIAL – ivermectin – macrocyclic lactone.
Can collies have milbemycin?
Milbemycin is fairly well tolerated in collies and related breeds, but some dogs may be sensitive even at doses of less than 3 mg/kg. Always use caution in at-risk breeds and their crosses. Lack of response to milbemycin when mites are not observed on scrapings does not necessarily rule out the disease.
Can Milbemax cause seizures?
There have been a few unconfirmed reports of seizures and other nervous system effects following administration of Milbemax®. Following extra-label treatment with Milbemax® to kill heartworm microfilaria, dogs should be carefully observed for shock-like reactions.
Is Eprinex waterproof?
Nonflammable, weatherproof formula works even on long, wet hair coats. No milk withholding or meat withdrawal.
Can you give eprinomectin to goats?
Eprinomectin has also been approved for use in shee and goats in some countries. During about two decades the 0.5% pour-on (EPRINEX) for cattle was the only formulation available with eprinomectin. Only in 2014 MERIAL introduced LONGRANGE, a long-acting injectable for cattle containing 5% eprinomectin.
How is eprinomectin excreted from the body?
Eprinomectin is excreted mainly through the feces, only a very small portion through the urine. As all macrocyclic lactones eprinomectin acts as agonist of the GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) neurotransmitter in nerve cells and also binds to glutamate-gated chloride channels in nerve and muscle cells of invertebrates.
What is avermectin made of?
Avermectins comprise natural and semi-synthetic compounds derived from the parent compound isolated from a bacterium (i.e. Streptomyces avermitilis), including ivermectin, abamectin, doramectin and eprinomectin. The drugs milbemycin, moxidectin and nemadectin belong to the milbemycin group (Lanusse et al., 2016) ( Fig. 3 ).
Is eprinex safe for cows?
3) EPRINEX is safe for all ages and stages. EPRINEX is safe for calves,* heifers, bulls, pregnant or open cows with no meat or milk withhold. *Not for use in calves intended for veal. 4) Get parasite control that pays in pounds. When it comes to putting on pounds, EPRINEX outperforms them all.