What are pneumococcal serotypes?
The serotypes are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22F, 23F, and 33F. PPSV23 is administered by either intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. Each dose of PPSV23 contains phenol as a preservative.
What is serotype in vaccine?
A serotype is defined as one which either exhibits no cross-reaction with others, or shows a homologous/heterologous titer ratio greater than 16 (in both directions). From: Virus Taxonomy, 2005.
What are capsular serotypes?
In invasive pneumococcal disease the capsular serotype is assumed to be more important than the genotype, because individual serotypes vary in their invasive disease potential (4, 13). Serogroups 1, 4, 5, 7, and 14 are strongly associated with invasive disease, whereas serotype 23F is associated with carriage (5).
What determines the different serotypes of Streptococcus?
Each serotype is distinguished based on the chemical composition of and antigenic differences in the capsular polysaccharide. Global surveillance has shown that only a limited number of capsular serotypes cause more than 70–80% of IPD.
How is a conjugate vaccine made?
Similar to subunit vaccines, conjugate vaccines use only portions of the germ. Many bacteria molecules are coated by a sugar called polysaccharide. This coating hides or disguises the germ (antigens) so that the immature immune systems of infants are not able to recognize it.
What is a viral serotype?
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals. These microorganisms, viruses, or cells are classified together based on their surface antigens, allowing the epidemiologic classification of organisms to the subspecies level.
What is the pneumococcal disease?
Pneumococcal disease is an infection caused by a type of bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae. It can cause pneumonia, bloodstream infections, or meningitis.
How many serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae are there?
There are more than 100 distinct serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The pneumococcal capsule serves as the target for current highly effective multivalent vaccines against this global pathogen.