What are the methods of adjusting Isotonicity?
The tonicity of a drug solution can be adjusted in two methods: Class I methods, in which sodium chloride or some other substance is dissolved into the solution to lower the freezing point and make it isotonic with body fluids. The cryoscopy method is included in this method, as well as the chloride equivalent method.
What is White Vincent method of making isotonic solution?
White-Vincent method This method involves the addition of water to the given amount of drug to make isotonic solution, followed by the addition of some other isotonic solution (e.g. 0.9% NaCI) to make the final volume.
What is Isotonicity in pharmacy?
In pharmacy, isotonicity calculations are most often performed for parenteral and ophthalmic solutions which must have a freezing point depression of 0.52◦C for them to be isotonic with blood plasma and tears. Therefore a solution is considered to be isotonic if it has a freezing point1 of −0.52◦C.
What is isotonic coefficient?
Isotonic coefficient (or Vant Hoff’s coefficient) is the proportionality coefficient between the total concentration of a solute and concentration of solute particles.
What is Isotonicity give methods of adjusting Isotonicity?
Freezing Point Method: The lachrymal secretion contains several solutes in it and has a freezing point of -0.52°C. All solutions, which freeze at -0.52°C, will be isotonic with the lachrymal fluid.
Which method is used for measurement of tonicity?
Sodium chloride equivalent method- This method is based on calculating the E-value, i.e. the sodium chloride equivalent or tonicity equivalent of a drug. It is the amount of sodium chloride that has the same osmotic effect (i.e. is equivalent to) as 1 g of the drug.
What is isotonic solution PDF?
ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS (from, Greek. isos – equal; tonus – pressure) Solutions, which has osmotic pressure equal to osmotic pressure of the body fluids (blood, plasma, lymph), i.e. – 7.4 atm.
What is the importance of isotonicity?
The isotonic solution allow the cells to move water and nutrients in and out of the cells. This is necessary for blood cells to perform their function of delivering oxygen and other nutrients to other parts of the body.
What is the importance of Isotonicity?
What is isotonic solution?
Isotonic solution: A solution that has the same salt concentration as cells and blood. Isotonic solutions are commonly used as intravenously infused fluids in hospitalized patients.