What is wake up test spine surgery?
Wake-up test is a simple, safe and reliable method of recognition of such a complication, allowing rapid neurological recovery by reduction of spinal distraction.
What is Neuromonitoring during spinal surgery?
Electrophysiologic monitoring, or neuromonitoring, is used during surgery to assess the functional integrity of the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, or peripheral and cranial nerves.
During what surgery is the Stagnara wake up test most commonly used?
The Stagnara wake-up test has been used to assess neurological deficits during scoliosis surgery since 1973.
What is SSEP and MEP monitoring?
Motor Evoked Potentials MEPs demonstrate the integrity of the descending/anterior columns of the spinal cord, whereas SSEPs primarily monitor the integrity of the ascending/dorsal columns (Sala et al., 2004).
Does propofol affect SSEP?
Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEP) All intravenous agents (propofol, barbiturates, midazolam, opioids, ketamine) have minimal effect and are preferred.
What affects SSEP?
Temperature, SBP, PaO2, and PaCO2 all affect SEPs and must be controlled during surgery [Baoub et. al. Anesthesiology 99: 716, 2003]. Room temperature irrigation fluids can also affect SSEPs, thus body temperature fluids should be used for irrigation in neurosurgical cases.
What does neuromonitoring do?
Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) protects patients by continuously monitoring the central nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and nerves) when it is at risk during surgery. Depending on the procedure, a variety of tests can be used to measure the nervous system function.
What does a Neuromonitoring Tech do?
An IONM technologist or technician is a member of an operating room team. Their responsibilities include supporting the anesthesiologist and surgeon during a procedure by using electromyography, electroencephalography (EEG), and other technologies and monitoring equipment to detect injuries in their earliest stages.
What drugs affect SSEP?
Intravenous Anesthetics.
- Barbiturates. Barbiturates produce a dose-dependent increase in latency and decrease in early cortical SSEP amplitude that does not preclude IOM.
- Etomidate.
- Ketamine.
- Propofol.
- Benzodiazepines.
- Opioids.
- Butyrophenones.
- Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine.