What are the process of blasting?
blasting, process of reducing a solid body, such as rock, to fragments by using an explosive. Conventional blasting operations include (1) drilling holes, (2) placing a charge and detonator in each hole, (3) detonating the charge, and (4) clearing away the broken material.
How does mine blasting work?
A number of holes are drilled into the rock, which are then partially filled with explosives. Stemming, inert material, is packed into the holes to direct the explosive force into the surrounding rock. Detonating the explosive causes the rock to collapse. Rubble is removed and the new tunnel surface is reinforced.
What is used for blasting in mines?
More than 90% of the domestic explosive and blasting agent formulations generally used are ammonium nitrate (AN) based (USGS, 2000). A mixture of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, commonly known as ANFO, gained acceptance for blasting at surface mines.
What is the first step of blasting?
1- Drilling Before the blasting takes place, the drilling rig bores the drill holes – determined in advance in a blasting plan – in the foremst front wall of the tunnel (working face). The more solid the rock, the more explosives are required. A jumbo is used to drill holes in the rock face.
Why is blast mining used?
Why do mines have to blast? After the topsoil and subsoil layers are removed, blasting may be necessary to loosen the rock above the coal seam. Mine operators drill holes in which to load explosives to fracture the rock layers.
How many types of blasting are there in mining?
There are three methods in the process. These are short-hole blasting, long-hole bench blasting and ring drilling and blasting methods.
How many types of blasting are there?
There are various types of abrasive blasting including, silicon dioxide, soda, steel, bristle, glass bead and much more. All these different abrasive blasting methods usually use a specific type of grit to achieve the desired results, hence the need to determine the correct technique to use.
Why blasting is done?
In essence blasting is done to blast overburden, ore deposit and coal seams so that the power requirement for excavators to extract the materials becomes less. It also reduces clearing time of materials and decreases operation costs.
What is blasting of steel?
Shotblasting uses wheel blast equipment to propel abrasive media on surfaces being treated for final finishing. This equipment uses a specially designed and closely controlled wheel to generate centrifugal force and blast abrasives like steel shot and steel grit on products.
What is the process of blasting in surface mining?
In surface mining operations, most of the rock s require blasting prior to their excavati on. 1. Creation of blast holes and cleaning by using suitable tools. 2. The charge of explosives and place them at the breaking ends. 3. Filling of the remaining portion with clay and tamping.
Why rock blasting is important in mining operations?
In mining operations, blasting has become a routine work. With proper understanding of the rocks and blasting methods, the mining work can be done effectively. The basic objective of this report is to highlight the principles and practices adopted in rock blasting operations for mining sectors.
What is blasting and how does it work?
Blasting is often conducted to produce desirable fragment sizes to minimize production cost and energy consumption in downstream processes, including loading, hauling, and crushing. However, the venting of explosive energy in the rock formation sometimes causes unwanted damage beyond the desired perimeter of the blast area.
Is there any alternative to blasting in mining?
Today technology has shown much advancement in several activ ities of mining. Inspite of that, there is no alternative to bl asting or drilling. Quiet a lot of improvem ents have been point of view, but also on the safety point of view of mine workers. Let us see th e details of blasting methods adopted in mining operations.