What is the solubility of sulfanilamide?
Sulfanilamide
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Melting point | 165 °C (329 °F; 438 K) |
| Solubility in water | 0.75 g/100 ml (25 °C) 47.7 g/100 ml (100 °C) |
| Solubility | Soluble in aq. alkali, ethanol, glycerol, hydrochloric acid, propylene glycol Insoluble in benzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, petroleum ether |
| Solubility in acetone | 20 g/100 ml |
Is sulfanilamide organic?
Sulfanilamide is an organic sulfur compound structurally similar to p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) with antibacterial property.
Is sulfonamide soluble?
In a mixture of sulfonamides (eg, the sulfapyrimidine group), each component drug has its own solubility; therefore, a combination of sulfonamides is more water soluble than a single drug at the same total concentration. This is the basis of triple sulfonamide mixtures used clinically.
Is sulfanilamide soluble in water?
Sulfanilamide is slightly soluble in organic solvents such as DMSO and methanol, which should be purged with an inert gas. Sulfanilamide is also slightly soluble in water.
Is sulfanilamide toxic?
The AMA laboratory isolated diethylene glycol as the toxic ingredient and immediately issued a warning, through newspapers and radio, that Elixir Sulfanilamide was toxic and deadly. A New York physician learned of the deaths on the 14th and promptly notified Food and Drug Administration headquarters.
Is sulfanilamide soluble in ethanol?
The solubility of sulfanilamide is the highest in acetone and the least in toluene among the mono solvents. The order of solubility in mono solvents is toluene < ethyl acetate < 1-octanol < water < benzene < 1-butanol < 2-butanol < 2-propanol < 1-propanol < ethanol < methanol < acetone.
What is sulfonamide in organic chemistry?
In chemistry, the sulfonamide functional group (also spelled sulphonamide) is -S(=O)2-NH2, a sulfonyl group connected to an amine group. Relatively speaking this group is unreactive. The amine center is no longer basic. The S-N bond is cleaved only with difficulty.
Are sulfonamides safe in pregnancy?
Maternal exposure to sulfonamides was found to be possibly associated with increased risk of congenital malformations (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.07–1.37). The use of sulfonamides in the first trimester of pregnancy and during the entire pregnancy might be associated with congenital malformations.
Why should sulfonamides carry an increased risk for premature babies?
Sulfonamides readily cross the placenta and thus could act as folate antagonists in humans. Folate is critical for organogenesis, especially neural tube development; therefore there is concern that use of sulfonamides early in pregnancy could be teratogenic.
What agent killed the people who took Elixir Sulfanilamide?
Passage of this new law was motivated, in part, by the fact that in 1937, 105 people died after ingesting a drug marketed as “Elixir Sulfanilamide,” where the deaths resulted from the excipient, ethylene glycol.
How does sulfanilamide prevent bacteria producing folic acid?
Sulfonamides, which are derivatives of sulfanilamide, interfere with microbial folic acid synthesis by competitively inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. This enzyme is involved in the step in folic acid synthesis that precedes the step blocked by pyrimethamine and TMP.
Does acetone react with sulfanilamide?
The sulfanilamide solubility increases with increasing temperature in all mono solvents and binary mixtures and increases with the increase in acetone mass fraction and temperature. The solubility of sulfanilamide is the highest in acetone and the least in toluene among the mono solvents.
The solubility of Sulfanilamide was determined in different binary solvents containing water and five organic solvents, namely ethanol, dimethylformamide – DMF, dimethyl sulfoxide – DMSO, 1,4-dioxane and acetonitrile. For each of these systems seven molar compositions were used, including pure water and pure organic solvents.
Is volatilization of sulfanilamide important from moist soil surfaces?
Volatilization of sulfanilamide should not be important from moist soil surfaces (SRC) given an estimated Henry’s Law constant of 1.5X10-10 atm-cu m/mole (4,SRC), or from dry soil surfaces (SRC) based on an estimated vapor pressure of 7.3X10-6 mm Hg (5,SRC).
What is the Henry’s Law constant for sulfanilamide?
The Henry’s Law constant for sulfanilamide is estimated as 1.5X10-10 atm-cu m/mole (SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method (1). This value indicates that sulfanilamide will be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces (2,SRC).
What are the contraindications for sulfanilamide?
Sulphanilamide is contraindicated in those known to be hypersensitive to sulfonamides, in infants less than 2 months of age, during pregnancy near term, and in nursing mothers. Adverse Effects Since sulfanilamideis used almost exclusively in topical vaginal preparations.