What medications cause gingival hyperplasia in dogs?
The drug most frequently associated with gingival hyperplasia in veterinary patients is cyclosporine. Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive drug that is used to manage allergic and autoimmune diseases.
Which drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia?
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is a side effect associated principally with 3 types of drugs: anticonvulsant (phenytoin), immunosuppressant (cyclosporine A), and various calcium channel blockers (nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem).
What causes gingival hyperplasia in dogs?
Gingival hyperplasia refers to a medical conditon in which a dog’s gum (gingival) tissue becomes inflamed and enlarged. Enlargement is typically caused by irritation due to dental plaque or other bacterial growth along the gum line. In many cases, this can be prevented with good oral hygiene habits.
Why does cyclosporine cause gingival hyperplasia?
Conclusion: Data collected demonstrate that cyclosporine inhibits the secretion of matrix proteases, contributing to the accumulation of extracellular matrix components in the gingival connective tissue, causing gingival overgrowth.
Does cyclosporine cause gingival hyperplasia dog?
Amongst the various potential adverse effects of cyclosporine in dogs is a gingival hyperplasia. It’s not dramatic in this patient: they can be much worse. The same phenomenon is seen in people.
Do ACE inhibitors cause gingival hyperplasia?
Among them 71.1% were taking calcium channel blocker, 21.5% were taking ACE Inhibitors, and 7.4% were taking beta-blockers. Conclusions: Patients taking antihypertensive agents are at increased risk for gingival enlargement and inflammation is an important cofactor for the expression of this effect.
What is cyclosporine used for in dogs?
Cyclosporine (brand name: Atopica®) is an immune modulating medication (meaning it lowers the immune response). It is used to treat immune mediated diseases such as atopic dermatitis (skin allergies) in cats and dogs.
Why do calcium channel blockers cause gingival hyperplasia?
The calcium antagonist induces blockage of the aldosterone synthesis in zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex since this pathway is calcium-dependent, cyclic nucleotide-independent. This may produce a feedback stimulation of an increase in pituitary secretion of ACTH which affects zona glomerulosa hyperplasia.
Do all calcium channel blockers cause gingival hyperplasia?
Among calcium channel blockers, nifedipine causes gingival hyperplasia in about 10% of patients, whereas the incidence of amlodipine-, a third generation calcium channel blocker, induced gingival hyperplasia is very limited. There are very few reports of amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement at a dose of 5 mg.
Does cyclosporin cause gingival hyperplasia?
Cyclosporin is an immunosuppressant which has been reported to cause gingival enlargement in 25-80% of patients. The calcium channel antagonists can also cause gingival enlargement.