What is isophorone used for?
Isophorone is used in industries to help dissolve other chemicals such as printing inks, paints, lacquers, and adhesives. It can also be used as an intermediate to make other chemicals. Although isophorone is an industrial chemical, it also occurs naturally in cranberries.
How is isophorone made?
Synthesis. Isophorone is produced on a multi-thousand ton scale by the aldol condensation of acetone using KOH. Diacetone alcohol, mesityl oxide, and 3-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one are intermediates. A side product is beta-isophorone, where the C=C group is not conjugated with the ketone.
Is isophorone carcinogenic?
EPA has classified isophorone as a Group C, possible human carcinogen.
What is the boiling point of isophorone?
419.4°F (215.2°C)Isophorone / Boiling point
Is isophorone soluble in water?
Used as a solvent and in pesticides. Isophorone is a clear liquid that smells like peppermint. It can be dissolved in water and evaporates somewhat faster than water. It is an industrial chemical used as a solvent in some printing inks, paints, lacquers, and adhesives.
What is the structure of mesityl oxide?
C6H10OMesityl oxide / Formula
What is isophorone diisocyanate used for?
Isophorone Diisocyanate is a colorless to yellow liquid. It is used in making polyurethanes, textile coatings, foams, paints and varnish.
Is mesityl oxide volatile?
Mesityl oxide is a volatile, flammable unsaturated ketone that is used as a solvent and cosolvent in a variety of pesticide products including those for agricultural, garden, and health service use.
Is mesityl oxide genotoxic?
Since mesityl oxide possesses a conventional α, β-unsaturated ketone structural alert, and is often identified as a potential genotoxic impurity in drug substances that have been crystallized from acetone, it is a potential impurity in this solvent.
What is the pH of naphthalene?
3.6
Executive summary: The pH of 1,4-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid at 10% in water is 3.6 (according to OECD 122 and DIN 19268:2007-05).
Is naphthalene acidic or basic?
neutral compound
The three components of the mixture will react differently to sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide because each of the bases’ conjugate acids has a different pKa. The pKa’s of benzoic acid and 2-naphthol are 4.17 and 9.5, respectively, while naphthalene is a neutral compound.
What are the effects of isophorone on the body?
The acute (short-term) effects of isophorone in humans from inhalation exposure include eye, nose, and throat irritation. Chronic (long- term) exposure to isophorone in humans can cause dizziness, fatigue, and depression. Animal studies indicate that long-term inhalation of high concentrations of isophorone causes central nervous system effects.
Does isophorone increase the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erthrocytes in bone marrow?
Isophorone was evaluated for the ability to increase the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erthrocytes in bone marrow of male and female CD-1 mice treated by single i.p. injection (Micronucleus Test).
What is the structure of isophorone?
Isophorone is a cyclic ketone, the structure of which is that of cyclohex-2-en-1-one substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It has a role as a solvent and a plant metabolite. It is a cyclic ketone and an enone.
Isophorone is exempted from the requirement of tolerance?
Isophorone is exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a solvent or cosolvent in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredents in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops only. Isophorone is listed as an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.